Present value of uniform gradient series

Input(s)

$i_{e}$: Effective Interest or Discount Rate (fraction)

$\mathrm{t}$: Time (year)

G: Annual Change (Positive or Negative) (currency unit)

$A_{1}$: Cash Flow at the End of the First Year (currency unit)

Output(s)

$A_{v}$: Present Value of Uniform Gradient Series (currency unit)

Formula(s)

$$ A_{v}=A_{1} \pm G *\left(\frac{1}{i_{e}}-\frac{t}{\left(\left(1+i_{e}\right)^{t}\right)-1}\right) $$

Reference(s)

Mian, M. A. 2011. Project Economics and Decision Analysis Volume 1: Deterministic Models, Second Edition. Tulsa, Oklahoma: PennWell Corporation. Chapter 2, Page: 68.